Freedmen's Cemeteries After the Civil War
How newly emancipated communities organized burial societies in the years following 1865 and what survives of their work today.
A continuing record of the historic African American cemeteries and burial grounds of the United States — the churchyards, society plots, and quiet acres where families have laid their dead since the years of slavery and long after. We document what remains so that the names will not be lost.
For most of American history, African Americans were denied burial in the public cemeteries of the towns and cities they helped to build. Black churches, fraternal orders, and burial societies rose to fill that absence, consecrating ground in which families could lay their dead with the dignity the surrounding society refused.
These cemeteries are now among the most endangered sites in the American landscape. Many sit on land coveted by developers; others have been quietly abandoned as descendant communities migrated; still others survive only through the labor of a single family or volunteer who has assumed the stewardship for decades. The 2024 federal African-American Burial Grounds Preservation Act establishes the first dedicated grant program to support their care.
Hallowed Grounds compiles and presents what is publicly known about these sites: their location, their founding, their stewardship, and the wider history of which they form a part. The archive draws on Wikidata, the National Register of Historic Places, and the careful documentary work of historians, descendant associations, and preservation organizations across the country.
We welcome corrections, additional records, and the stories that families carry. Learn more about the project →
How newly emancipated communities organized burial societies in the years following 1865 and what survives of their work today.
The role of African Methodist Episcopal, Baptist, and other Black congregations in maintaining sacred ground across the United States.
A guide to the federal recognition that has come, often belatedly, to historic Black burial grounds.
The descendant associations, nonprofits, and federal programs working to protect these endangered sites.
Ground-penetrating radar, oral history, and the slow work of restoring names to unmarked burials.
Cemeteries holding the remains of veterans of the segregated Civil War regiments and their successor units.